Rotating machine



n ROTATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 6', 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 1A Patented-Nov. 9, i

'time In Germany February 7, 1935 y 's claims. (ci. 23o-79x t ,The invention to a rotating. machine Y containing 'a5 rotating runner (innerl rotor) consisting ofa-numberofcells and surrounded by a cylindrical drum (outer rotor) lpivotedeccentri- 4cally tothe runnerand which-is rotatedby'the runner by means of friction :forces exerted on it by the walls whicnform theceusof the. runner.

Thezobject achievedzby theinventionisa sub- ;l stantialfreduction of the forces acting on thebearingsofA the'rotatlngdrum tolfacilitate thestarting of the machine: by compensating thewweight fluid-for instance internal combustion 'engines etc.. lWithl this-type ofma'chine :the single work- .l ngcells ofethe runner are sealed-:against `one v,; another as well as against thevrotating `drum by n mechanicalmeans orran auxiliary-Huid or both.

vdrical drums ofthelmachines shown in Figs. '1,

resulting from sealing f pressures,`A centrifugal 1 pressures andv working pressures vis eiiertedfon the f bearings of the cylindrical v'drum which, with the designs thus far knowmactin' averticalor'apsofproximat'ely vertical downward direction, so in- .pressors etc.'....and-.na1ly also as gears'.l

way of working .is `either.withoutany duid-for l of -thedrum by. means,` of the working pressure. f :Rotatingmachines are well-known-aszipower engines, especially as internal combustion ,engines, as -welly as' working machines, is e. com- Their instance as compressors--or with vanauxiliary All Y thesel well-known' designs have thedisadvantage thattespecially with compressors, alforce --creasing the 4normal weight "ofthe cylindrical and pressing itl'on its bearings so'thatniore or less great difficulties areiencountered to start the machina'allthe more as'the cylindrical drum is not rotated positivelybut only by friction. VIt

has already been attempted to remove theseV dif` runner etc.) to increase in this way the friction forces acting on the drum. f The advantage expected of this design nevertheless is, however, eliminated by the resulting disadvantage of greater wear and tear.

The present invention removes the aforementioned disadvantages by employing the working,

centrifugal and sealing pressures produced by starting the machine to lift the cylinder drum, thereby producing a substantial'reduction of its of ymechanical starting. devices- 4naturaly weigiitandnimmishig uilfrces acting onthe bearings of the machine, thus facilitatingk y*the,startirigoi' the machine andthedispensing The drawings show, Vi'or'thepurpose of com- -parisonthe design Oria well-knownrotating mathe invention.

--Inthis'showing, 1

lig,v 1 is a diagrammatic showing of a conventional 1 rotating machine,v the forces fli''illi' 011 the vbearings of thecylindrical drumbeing indicatedasarrows;.y l v Fig. 2 is a similar showing wherein ax'is'of rotation ofthe runner is `positioned vertically above that o f the cylindricaldrum;

Figis a,sinn .lersh0wine wherem'the meer.. rotation. ,ofv the runner positioned ,above that of the d rum,,butthe line connectingthe two axes is angularly displaced kfrom the vertical in.1}he

direction of `rotation ofthe parts;

,l Figs. 1a, 2a, and.`3 a represent vectordiagrams of theforces acting on the bearings'ofthecylin- 2, and' 3, respectively; f

j Fig. 4.is a longitudinal, vertical section through a rotating machineprovidedwlth pivoted vanes c forxsealing the individual; cells ,of therunner; 'y

1- Fig. 5 is -a I.vertical section through ythe machine shown in Fig. 4 takenat right angles of the show-` ing of.Fig. 4;.and f ,i .Y j

Fig. 6 is a vertical transverse section through a rotating machine provided withsliding `gates forqsealingi'the cellsfoftheyrunner; Av;

' In vthe various figures like parts are represented `by like reference numerals. yThe stationary housing isshown at A, the runner at b and the cylindrical druml at D. `The stationary control shaft,

shown at C, is provided with inlet slot C1 and outi Y 4oA let slot C2; see Figs. 4 and 5.

Referring to the diagram of the forces which are represented on Figs. 1, 2, 3, la, 2a and 3a, it will be seen that P represents the forceresulting from the sealing', centrifugal and working pressures which force maybe resolved into components PH and Pv which act on the bearings. With .chineiasfwellfas modinedstructures accordingto;A

the known arrangement shownin Fig. 1 the force f` Pv` acting vertically on the bearing is increased by the weight G of the cylindrical drum D drawn along by the runner so that there results a total load of the value Q=PV+G on the bearings in the vertical direction. To this force is to loeadded the power PH acting in a horizontal direction. 'Ihe total load or resultant R on the bearings is in this way highly4 unfavourable.

' the normal weight G isto be deducted from the stantially unloading the bearings.: One disadvantage of this arrangement is the fact that force Pn actingl on the bearing in a horizontal direc-V vertical in the direction of .rotationfofthe parts. y

In rigs. 4 to 6 two examples of rotatingicom-r tion brings with it aslight increase'of the total load R which nevertheless is compensated by the simplicity ofthisdesign. Thisdefectis'overcome t' 4 i y u l housing, acylindricaldrum rotatingin bearings by the design shown rin Figs. 3 and 3d in which the axis of rotation of the runner B is situated above that of thecylindrical drum D, but not exactly` in a vertical direction as in Fig.2, the line joini v dnimand being disposed in such manner that the ,line .connecting the i twoaxes isl ar'xgulai'lyr dlsvplacedfromth'e vertical `in the direction of rol ing these axes being rotated somewhat from'the pressors with an auxiliary fluid are shovrrnLi. e.

in Figs. 4' and5 with rotatable sliding gates,` and \.onFig.6withradiallyslidinggates.v`

, With the rotating compressor according togFigs. s and 5 the cylindrical drum D with its side walls dl/and cl1 rotates inastationary housing A with lateral coversfa1 and a in the bearings e1 and e.

" The cell `wheel or runner/By rotate'sin bearings b1 andV b* o! the aforementioned covers al and az and isdriven from its shaft'b. *In'the stationaryV '4 control cylinderC inlet slots Cl and outlet slotsC are arranged. -The` of "the Eneighbouring l cells against one another and against 'the D is effected by sealing devices b* which are designed Aas )pivoted 'vanes with their pivot points 411"* mounted on the neighbouring cell wall b'. These pivoted' vanes b; during rotation of the runner.

are retracted within the cellsofthe runner, a

, clearance space being provided for this purpose in f the' adjacent ceu wtus. Y f

vr,With the'rotating cornv fthe sealing voi' the JKneighbouring cells against one another and against rotating drum D isl ef- {fected by sliding gates b5 which are movable in a -1- housing,two opposed pairsofbearingsmounted s in opposite sides of said housing. one of said pairs i Vof bearingsbeing eccentric to said otherpair; a

' cylindrical drum mounted infoneof said bearings for rotation within said housi11.a mul- 'substantial extent the load' on the bearings of Y the cylindrical drumof the properA weight of the Y radial direction withirrthe cell walls-bi. A Y `It results from the foregoing description tha the'purpose of the`invention,ri. e. toreduceto a Y latter, is attained by the `designs referredto.

It is d'vious thatvariouschanges and .modifications may be made in-thedetails o f construcbeing restricted only joinedclairns'. I claim:

i 1. In t rotating machine, s rotating yundrlctl v With the arrangement shown in Figs. 2 and 2a,

'the action ofzgravity. f i' according to lllg.`

drum mountedon bearings, n ner mountedeccentrically with respect to said a. multiple-cell rundrum and rotating within said drum. an auxiliary Y fluid between said drum and said runner and means for sealing the cells roi' said runner, the axis ofrotation of said runner being above that of said drum ,and being so disposed that the resultant of the sealing, centrifugal action, and working forces substantially completely counteract: the action fof. gravity.

2. In a rotating machine. a stationary'external mounted in said housing, a multiple-cell runner mounted to rotate within said drum, the axis of rotation of said runner being above that of said tation of` the parts;y thereby substantially Nullizlng ythe forcesacting on they bearings of said said forces including the action of gravityv tating inv one pair' of' said bearings within said housingfa multiplecell runner i rotating `in y anotherpair of 'said'v bearings-within said drum; an auxiliary liquiddisi'sosed between saiddrum andysaid runner snd means for sealing the cells ot said runner mounted on'saidrunnea axis *of rotationvof said runnerlbeing so disposed with relation tothat of said drum thatfthe forces'actl :ing on the bearings of said drumare substantially counteracted by theequalisation ofthe sealing.v I .centrifugal action; andworking forc' to;thatof centrifugal force. f v

f 5. "Injazrotating machine. afstationary external @tlple-c'ell :runner *mountedfinftheL other pair l o! y 'bearings for rotation within said cylindrical drum. 1

thezaxis of rotation ot said runner being above that `-`of cylindrical #drum and disposed in such manner that theforce on said cylindrical Y drumresultingfrom the sealing. centrifugalandworking forces opposes thefforce of gravityfact-A ingfo'n said cylindrical drum. thereby reducing'the sus@ at@ 1.,` 

